Maintaining employee records is a critical aspect of business operations, ensuring compliance with legal requirements and facilitating effective human resource management. The duration for retaining these records varies based on the type of document and applicable federal or state regulations. Below is a comprehensive guide from Citizens Business Archives to help businesses understand how long they should keep different employee records.
Personnel and Employment Records
According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), employers are required to retain all personnel or employment records for one year from the date of an employee’s termination. However, many organizations adopt a more conservative approach, retaining these records for up to seven years to ensure compliance with state and federal regulations.
Payroll Records
Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), employers must preserve payroll records, collective bargaining agreements, and sales and purchase records for at least three years. Additionally, records on which wage computations are based, such as timecards and work schedules, should be retained for two years.
Employment Eligibility Verification (I-9 Forms)
Employers are mandated to retain I-9 forms for each employee for three years after the date of hire or one year after employment ends, whichever is later. Given that these forms contain sensitive personal information, it’s advisable to store them separately from general personnel files to protect against potential discrimination claims. Citizens Business Archives can help you keep these files safe and organized.
Medical and Family Leave Records
Records related to the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) should be maintained for at least three years. This includes any documentation pertaining to leave requests, approvals, and related correspondence. Similarly, records associated with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) must be kept for a minimum of six years from the date they were created or last in effect, whichever is later.
Occupational Safety and Health Records
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employers to retain records of work-related injuries and illnesses for five years following the end of the calendar year they cover. This includes OSHA 300 logs, 301 incident reports, and annual summaries.
Employee Benefit Records
Documents related to employee benefit plans, such as pension and insurance plans, should be kept for the full period the plan is in effect and for at least one year after its termination. Additionally, records pertaining to the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) should be retained for six years. For help with these longer storage periods, contact Citizens Business Archives for secure business document storage.
Recruitment and Hiring Records
Records related to hiring decisions, including job applications, resumes, interview notes, and background checks, should be kept for at least one year after making the hiring decision. This practice helps demonstrate that the hiring process was fair and unbiased, should any questions arise in the future.
Best Practices for Record Retention
Your company should establish a clear policy outlining the retention periods for records, ensuring compliance with federal and state regulations. Store records securely to protect sensitive information, using locked cabinets for physical documents and encrypted systems for digital files. Conduct periodic audits to ensure compliance with retention policies and to identify any records that can be safely disposed of. Educate staff responsible for managing records on the importance of compliance and the specifics of the retention policy.
If you need secure document storage near me in Tucson, AZ, Citizens Business Archives can help. Our off-site document storage services can help you keep important information safe and prevent an overwhelming amount of paperwork from building up in your office. Contact us today to learn more about our facility and how we can help keep your documentation safe.










